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By Edwidge Danticat
Oprah Winfrey’s Book Club Selection: 1998
"I come from a place where breath, eyes and memory are one, a place from which you carry your past like the hair on your head.
Where women return to their children as butterflies or as tears in the eyes of the statues that their daughters pray to." The
place is Haiti and the speaker is Sophie, the heroine of Edwidge Danticat's novel, "Breath, Eyes, Memory." Like her protagonist,
Danticat is also Haitian; like her, she was raised in Haiti by an aunt until she came to the United States at age 12. Indeed, in
her short stories, Danticat has often drawn on her background to fund her fiction, and she continues to do so in her debut novel.
The story begins in Haiti, on Mother's Day, when young Sophie discovers that she is about to leave the only home she has ever
known with her Tante Atie in Croix-des-Rosets, Haiti, to go live with her mother in New York City. These early chapters in Haiti
are lovely, subtly evoking the tender, painful relationship between the motherless child and the childless woman who feels honor
bound to guard the natural mother's rights to the girl's affections above her own. Presented with a Mother's Day card, Tante Atie
responds: "'It is for a mother, your mother.' She motioned me away with a wave of her hand. 'When it is Aunt's Day, you can make
me one.'" Danticat also uses these pages to limn a vibrant portrait of life in Haiti from the cups of ginger tea and baskets of
cassava bread served at community potlucks to the folk tales of a "people in Guinea who carry the sky on their heads."
With Sophie's transition from a fairly happy existence with her aunt and grandmother in rural Haiti to life in New York with a
mother she has never seen, Danticat's roots as a short-story writer become more evident; "Breath, Eyes, Memory" begins to read
more like a collection of connected stories than a seamlessly evolved novel. In a couple of short chapters, Sophie arrives in
New York, meets her mother, makes the acquaintance of her mother's new boyfriend, Marc, and discovers that she was the product
of a rape when her mother was a teenager in Haiti. The novel then jumps several years ahead to Sophie's graduation from high
school and her infatuation with an older man who lives next door. Unfortunately, this is also the point in the novel where
Danticat begins to lay her themes on with a trowel instead of a brush: Sophie's mother becomes obsessed with protecting her
daughter's virginity, going so far as to administer physical "tests" on a regular basis--testing which leads eventually to a
rift in their relationship and to Sophie's struggle with her own sexuality. Soon the litany of victimization is flying thick
and fast: female genital mutilation, incest, rape, frigidity, breast cancer, and abortion are the issues that arise in the
final third of the novel, eventually drowning both fine writing and perceptive characterization under a deluge of angst.
Still, there is much to admire about "Breath, Eyes, Memory," and if at times the plot becomes overheated, Danticat's lyrical,
vivid prose offers some real delight. If nothing else, this novel is sure to entice readers to look for Danticat's short
stories--and possibly to sample other fiction from the West Indies as well.
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